Rizki Amanda, (NIM. 5021911014) (2026) Instrumentasi modal dalam kemenangan kepala desa incumbent pada pemilihan kepala Desa Tanjung Sangkar Lepar Pongok Bangka Selatan tahun 2022. Other thesis, Universitas Bangka Belitung.
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Abstract
Pemilihan Kepala Desa (Pilkades) merupakan arena demokrasi lokal yang memperlihatkan dinamika kontestasi politik yang kompleks, khususnya ketika melibatkan kandidat incumbent. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis instrumentasi modal politik serta rasionalitas incumbent dalam mencalonkan kembali dan mengaktivasi modal politik dalam ranah Pilkades Desa Tanjung Sangkar, Kecamatan Lepar Pongok, Kabupaten Bangka Selatan Tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus melalui teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi. Analisis penelitian menggunakan teori modal Bourdieu (1986). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemenangan incumbent merupakan hasil dari pengelolaan dan aktivasi modal politik yang dijalankan secara rasional dan strategis dalam struktur sosial-politik desa kepulauan. Modal sosial dan modal simbolik menjadi modal paling dominan dalam membentuk dukungan politik masyarakat melalui jaringan kepercayaan, kedekatan sosial, legitimasi kepemimpinan, serta pengakuan simbolik sebagai figur yang dihormati. Modal ekonomi dan modal budaya berfungsi sebagai modal pendukung yang memperkuat efektivitas strategi politik, namun tidak menjadi faktor utama dalam menentukan kemenangan. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa keputusan incumbent untuk kembali mencalonkan diri didasarkan pada pertimbangan rasional yang terstruktur, meliputi keinginan menyelesaikan program pembangunan yang belum tuntas, orientasi pengabdian kepada masyarakat desa, serta kalkulasi keberlanjutan karier politik ke jenjang yang lebih tinggi. Rasionalitas tersebut terintegrasi dengan strategi aktivasi modal politik yang disesuaikan dengan karakter ranah desa kepulauan yang ditandai oleh relasi sosial yang rapat, politik berbasis kedekatan, dan legitimasi berbasis kepercayaan sosial. Dengan demikian, kemenangan incumbent merupakan konstruksi sosial-politik yang rasional, terstruktur, dan kontekstual.
Village Head Elections (Pilkades) constitute a local democratic arena that reveals complex dynamics of political contestation, particularly when involving an incumbent candidate. This study aims to analyze the instrumentation of political capital and the incumbent’s rationality in running for re-election and activating political capital in the 2022 Village Head Election of Tanjung Sangkar Village, Lepar Pongok Subdistrict, South Bangka Regency. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method, with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The analysis applies Bourdieu’s (1986) theory of capital. The findings indicate that the incumbent’s victory was the result of the rational and strategic management and activation of political capital within the socio-political structure of an island village. Social capital and symbolic capital emerged as the most dominant forms of capital in shaping public political support through networks of trust, social proximity, leadership legitimacy, and symbolic recognition as a respected figure. Economic capital and cultural capital functioned as supporting resources that strengthened the effectiveness of political strategies but were not the primary determinants of victory. The study also finds that the incumbent’s decision to seek re-election was based on structured rational considerations, including the intention to complete unfinished development programs, a commitment to serving the village community, and a calculated strategy for sustaining a political career at a higher level. This rationality was integrated with strategies for activating political capital that were adapted to the characteristics of the island village arena, marked by dense social relations, proximity-based politics, and legitimacy grounded in social trust. Therefore, the incumbent’s victory represents a rational, structured, and contextual socio-political construction.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Other) |
|---|---|
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Incumbent; Modal politik; Pilkades; Rasionalitas Incumbent, Political Capital, Village Head Election, Rationality. |
| Subjects: | J Ilmu Politik > JS Local government Municipal government |
| Divisions: | FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN POLITIK > ILMU POLITIK > SKRIPSI |
| Depositing User: | Darma - |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Apr 2026 01:46 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Apr 2026 01:46 |
| URI: | https://repository.ubb.ac.id/id/eprint/13349 |
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