The metal oxides of abandoned tin mining pit waters as an indicator for bacterial diversity

Dr. Andri Kurniawan, S.Pi., M.P., - (2020) The metal oxides of abandoned tin mining pit waters as an indicator for bacterial diversity. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation - International Journal of the Bioflux Society, 13 (5). pp. 2982-2992. ISSN 1844-9166

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Abstract

This study aimed to provide information about the form of metal oxides of heavy metals identified in abandoned tin mining pit waters with different ages and explain their relationship to the diversity of acidophilic bacteria and the presence of fish in acid mine waters in Bangka Regency, Indonesia. The analysis of metal oxides was carried out using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF). The 16 oxide forms of heavy metals identified showed that iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3), tantalum (V) oxide (Ta2O5), tin (IV) oxide (SnO2), manganese (II) oxide (MnO) were found in high concentrations in all mine waters of different ages. The presence of heavy metals and their oxides affected the water quality, especially the pH value, decreasing it by oxidation processes. This condition contributed to the presence of acidophilic bacterial groups such as phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteriodetes, Planctomycetes, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Chlorobi, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, etc. They play the important role in biogeochemical processes, changing the environment. The changes of chronosequences in the ecosystem can support the life of organisms such as fish (Aplocheilus sp., Rasbora sp., Betta sp., Puntius sp., Channa sp., Oreochromis sp., Belontia sp., Anabas sp., and Trichopodus sp.). Furthermore, the fish produce organic material. The organic material was decomposed by bacteria in anions and functional groups, which react to protons and cause the neutralization pH.

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